Professional Practice Guide -FCSV-EN

11 for the Management of Peripheral Artery Disease Hypertension Often asymptomatic, hypertension is a major risk factor for PAD. Regular blood pressure measurement is essential. When possible, patients should be taught how to measure their blood pressure at home, as home blood pressure measurements have better prognostic value than those taken in the clinic.⁴ Particular attention should also be paid to daily salt intake, as it has a significant impact on blood pressure (see Figure 1 on page 10). Dyslipidemia An elevated LDL cholesterol level is an important risk factor for PAD. Dyslipidemias are generally asymptomatic, except in cases of genetically determineddisorders.Nevertheless,dyslipidemia— particularly hypercholesterolemia — is a major risk factor for stroke, heart attack, and impaired kidney function. Age The risk of developing PAD increases with age. While only 1% of individuals aged 40 to 49 show signs of PAD, this proportion increases to 15% among those over 70 years of age and to 23% among those over 80. Sex The impact of sex on PAD presentation requires further research. Although population studies suggest a higher prevalence of asymptomatic disease and more advanced disease at the time of diagnosis among women, there is currently no clear consensus.⁵ It’s essential that patients manage these modifiable risk factors through lifestyle changes, regular blood tests, and adherence to prescribed medication. Non-modifiable risk factors must also be taken into account when managing PAD. The physician should discuss lifestyle habits with the patient and warn them about risk factors associated with PAD.